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Classification of Accelerometers
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2024-11-08
The piezoelectric accelerometer, also known as a piezoelectric accelerometer, is also classified as an inertial sensor. The principle of the piezoelectric accelerometer is to utilize the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics or quartz crystals. When the accelerometer is subjected to vibration, the force applied to the piezoelectric element by the mass block also changes accordingly. When the frequency of the measured vibration is much lower than the inherent frequency of the accelerometer, the change in force is proportional to the measured acceleration.
Piezoelectric
The piezoelectric accelerometer, also known as the piezoelectric accelerometer, is also classified as an inertial sensor. The principle of the piezoelectric accelerometer is to utilize the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics or quartz crystals. When the accelerometer is subjected to vibration, the force applied to the piezoelectric element by the mass block also changes accordingly. When the frequency of the measured vibration is far below the inherent frequency of the accelerometer, the change in force is proportional to the measured acceleration.
Piezoresistive
Based on world-leading MEMS silicon micromachining technology, the piezoresistive accelerometer features a small size, low power consumption, and is easy to integrate into various analog and digital circuits. It is widely used in automotive crash testing, testing instruments, equipment vibration monitoring, and other fields.
Capacitive
The capacitive accelerometer is a type of capacitive sensor based on the principle of capacitance variation. Capacitive accelerometers are relatively universal accelerometers. They are irreplaceable in certain fields, such as airbags and mobile devices. Capacitive accelerometers utilize micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, making them economical in mass production, thus ensuring lower costs.
Servo
The servo accelerometer is a closed-loop testing system characterized by good dynamic performance, a large dynamic range, and good linearity. Its working principle involves a vibration system composed of an "m-k" system, similar to a general accelerometer, but with an electromagnetic coil attached to the mass m. When there is an acceleration input on the base, the mass block deviates from the equilibrium position. The magnitude of this displacement is detected by a displacement sensor, amplified by a servo amplifier, and converted into a current output. This current flows through the electromagnetic coil, generating an electromagnetic restoring force in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, attempting to keep the mass block in its original equilibrium position within the instrument housing. Therefore, the servo accelerometer operates in a closed-loop state.
Due to the feedback effect, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, measurement accuracy is improved, and the measurement range is expanded. Servo acceleration measurement technology is widely used in inertial navigation and inertial guidance systems, and it is also applied in high-precision vibration measurement and calibration.
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Classification of Accelerometers
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